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???????? ????? ?????? ??????????: Franklin D. Roosevelt (?????:??????????:????) ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? . ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?????.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt
Photograph by Leon Perskie, 1944
32nd President of the United States
????? March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945
?????? ??????? ???????????	??? ???? ????? (1933–1941) ???? ????? (1941–1945) Harry S. Truman (Jan.–Apr. 1945)
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44th Governor of New York
????? January 1, 1929 – December 31, 1932
Lieutenant	Herbert H. Lehman
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???????	????? ???. ????
Assistant Secretary of the Navy
????? March 17, 1913 – August 26, 1920
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???????	Gordon Woodbury
New York ???? ??????-??? ????? ????????: 26th ?????
????? January 1, 1911 – March 17, 1913
???????	John F. Schlosser
???????	James E. Towner
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?????	Franklin Delano Roosevelt ?? ??????? ???? Hyde Park, New York, U.S.
?????	?? ????? ???? (?? ???) ???? ???????? ??????, U.S.
????? ????	Cerebral hemorrhage
???????? ????	Springwood Estate Hyde Park, New York, U.S.
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???? ??????????	????? ?????? (????? ????)
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????????	James Roosevelt I Sara Roosevelt
?????????	Roosevelt family Delano family
?????	??????? ??????????? (AB)
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?????????

?????????????

• Alter, Jonathan (2006), The Defining Moment: FDR's Hundred Days and the Triumph of Hope (popular history), Simon & Schuster, ISBN 978-0-7432-4600-2
• Black, Conrad (2005) [2003]. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom (interpretive detailed biography). PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-282-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????).
• Brands, H. W. (2009). Traitor to His Class: The Privileged Life and Radical Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Anchor Books. ISBN 978-0-307-27794-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Brinkley, Douglas (2016). Rightful Heritage: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Land of America. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-208923-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Burns, James MacGregor (1956). Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox. Easton Press. ISBN 978-0-15-678870-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• ——— (1970). Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. hdl:2027/heb.00626. ISBN 978-0-15-678870-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Campbell, James E. (2006). "Party Systems and Realignments in the United States, 1868–2004". Social Science History. 30 (3): 359–386. doi:10.1215/01455532-2006-002. JSTOR 40267912. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• ??????:Cite Power Broker
• Churchill, Winston (1977). The Grand Alliance. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0-395-41057-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Dallek, Robert (1995). Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945. Oxford University. ISBN 978-0-19-509732-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????) online free to borrow
• ——— (2017). Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Political Life. Viking. ISBN 978-0-69-818172-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Dighe, Ranjit S. "Saving private capitalism: The US bank holiday of 1933." Essays in Economic & Business History 29 (2011) online
• Doenecke, Justus D; Stoler, Mark A (2005), Debating Franklin D. Roosevelt's Foreign Policies, 1933–1945, Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 978-0-8476-9415-0
• Freidel, Frank (1952–1973), Franklin D. Roosevelt, vol. 4 volumes, Little, Brown and Co., OCLC 459748221
  • Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt The Apprenticeship (vol 1 1952) to 1918, online
  • Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt The Ordeal (1954), covers 1919 to 1928, online
  • Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt The Triumph (1956) covers 1929–32, online
  • Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt Launching the New Deal (1973).
• Fried, Albert (2001). FDR and His Enemies: A History. St. Martin's Press. pp. 120–23. ISBN 978-1-250-10659-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Goldman, Armond S.; Goldman, Daniel A. (2017). Prisoners of Time: The Misdiagnosis of FDR's 1921 Illness. EHDP Press. ISBN 978-1-939-82403-5. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Goodwin, Doris Kearns (1995). No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-80448-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Gunther, John (1950). Roosevelt in Retrospect. Harper & Brothers. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Hawley, Ellis (1995). The New Deal and the Problem of Monopoly. Fordham University Press. ISBN 978-0-8232-1609-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Herman, Arthur (2012). Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II. Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-60463-1. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Herring, George C. (2008). From Colony to Superpower; U.S. Foreign Relations Since 1776. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507822-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Jordan, David M (2011), FDR, Dewey, and the Election of 1944, Indiana University Press, ISBN 978-0-253-35683-3.
• Kennedy, David M (1999), Freedom From Fear: The American People in Depression and War, 1929–1945 (wide-ranging survey of national affairs by leading scholar; Pulitzer Prize), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-503834-7.
• Lash, Joseph P (1971). Eleanor and Franklin: The Story of Their Relationship Based on Eleanor Roosevelt's Private Papers. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-07459-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Leuchtenburg, William (2015). The American President: From Teddy Roosevelt to Bill Clinton. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195176162. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Leuchtenburg, William E. (1963). Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932–1940. Harpers. ISBN 978-0-06-133025-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• McJimsey, George (2000). The Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-1012-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????) online free to borrow
• Morgan, Ted (1985), FDR: A Biography (popular biography), Simon & Schuster, ISBN 978-0-671-45495-1.
• Norton, Mary Beth (2009). A People and a Nation: A History of the United States. Since 1865. Cengage. ISBN 978-0547175607. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Robinson, Greg (2001), By Order of the President: FDR and the Internment of Japanese Americans, ISBN 978-1522677710 {{citation}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Roosevelt, Franklin; Roosevelt, Elliott (1970). F.D.R.: His Personal Letters, 1928-1945. Vol. 1. Duell, Sloan, and Pearce.
• Rowley, Hazel (2010). Franklin and Eleanor: An Extraordinary Marriage. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-15857-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Sainsbury, Keith (1994). Churchill and Roosevelt at War: The War They Fought and the Peace They Hoped to Make. New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-7991-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Savage, Sean J. (1991). Roosevelt, the Party Leader, 1932–1945. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-3079-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Schweikart, Larry; Allen, Michael (2004). A Patriot's History of the United States: From Columbus's Great Discovery to the War on Terror. Penguin Group US. ISBN 978-1-101-21778-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Smith, Jean Edward (2007). FDR. Random House. ISBN 978-1-4000-6121-1. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Sternsher, Bernard (Summer 1975), "The Emergence of the New Deal Party System: A Problem in Historical Analysis of Voter Behavior", Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 6 (1): 127–49, doi:10.2307/202828, JSTOR 202828 {{citation}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Tobin, James (2013). The Man He Became: How FDR Defied Polio to Win the Presidency. Simon and Schuster. pp. 4–7. ISBN 978-1-4516-9867-1. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Tully, Grace (2005). Franklin Delano Roosevelt, My Boss. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4179-8926-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Underwood, Jeffery S. (1991). The Wings of Democracy: The Influence of Air Power on the Roosevelt Administration, 1933–1941. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 978-0-89096-388-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Ward, Geoffrey C.; Burns, Ken (2014). The Roosevelts: An Intimate History. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-385-35306-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Winkler, Allan M. (2006). Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Making of Modern America. Longman. ISBN 978-0-321-41285-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Wyman, David S (1984), The Abandonment of the Jews: America and the Holocaust 1941–1945, Pantheon Books, ISBN 978-0394428130 {{citation}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????).

Further reading

???? ?????: Bibliography of Franklin D. Roosevelt

Biographical

• Daniels, Roger (2015). Franklin D. Roosevelt: Road to the New Deal, 1882–1939. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-03951-5..
• ——— (2016). Franklin D. Roosevelt: The War Years, 1939–1945. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-03952-2.
• Freidel, Frank (1990), Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Rendezvous with Destiny (scholarly biography), vol. one volume, ISBN 978-0-316-29260-3; covers entire life' online free to borrow
• Jenkins, Roy (2003), Franklin Delano Roosevelt (short bio from British perspective), ISBN 978-0-8050-6959-4.
• Pederson, William D., ed. (2011). A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4443-9517-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????); 35 essays by scholars. online
• Ward, Geoffrey C (1985), Before The Trumpet: Young Franklin Roosevelt, 1882–1905, ISBN 978-0-06-015451-6
• ——— (1992), A First-Class Temperament: The Emergence of Franklin Roosevelt (popular biography), ISBN 978-0-06-016066-1: covers 1905–32.

Scholarly topical studies

• Badger, Anthony (2008), FDR: The First Hundred Days, ISBN 978-0-8090-4441-2 200 pp; overview by leading British scholar.
• Collins, Robert M. (2002). More: The Politics of Economic Growth in Postwar America. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-515263-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Leuchtenburg, William E (2005), "Showdown on the Court", Smithsonian, 36 (2): 106–13, ISSN 0037-7333.
• McMahon, Kevin J (2004), Reconsidering Roosevelt on Race: How the Presidency Paved the Road to Brown, ISBN 978-0-226-50088-1.
• Miscamble, Wilson D. (2007). From Roosevelt to Truman: Potsdam, Hiroshima, and the Cold War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86244-8.
• Pederson, William D (2011), A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN 978-1-4443-3016-8, 768 pages; essays by scholars covering major historiographical themes. online
• Rauchway, Eric (2008), The Great Depression and The New Deal; A Very Short Introduction, ISBN 978-0-19-532634-5, balanced summary
• Ritchie, Donald A (2007), Electing FDR: The New Deal Campaign of 1932, ISBN 978-0-7006-1687-9.
• Rosen, Elliot A (2005), Roosevelt, the Great Depression, and the Economics of Recovery, ISBN 978-0-8139-2368-0.
• Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr (1957–1960), The Age of Roosevelt, vol. 3 volumes, OCLC 466716, the classic narrative history. Strongly supports FDR.
• Shaw, Stephen K; Pederson, William D; Williams, Frank J, eds. (2004), Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Transformation of the Supreme Court, ISBN 978-0-7656-1033-1.
• Sitkoff, Harvard, ed. (1985), Fifty Years Later: The New Deal Evaluated (essays by scholars), ISBN 978-0-394-33548-3.

Foreign policy and World War II

• Berthon, Simon; Potts, Joanna (2007). Warlords: An Extraordinary Re-creation of World War II through the Eyes and Minds of Hitler, Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81650-5. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????)
• Beschloss, Michael (2002). The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman, and the destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1941–1945. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81027-0.
• Cole, Wayne S (Mar 1957), "American Entry into World War II: A Historiographical Appraisal", The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 43 (4): 595–617, doi:10.2307/1902275, JSTOR 1902275.
• Feis, Herbert. Churchill-Roosevelt-Stalin: The War they waged and the Peace they sought (1953).
• Fenby, Jonathan. Alliance: the inside story of how Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill won one war and began another (2015).
• Glantz, Mary E (2005), FDR and the Soviet Union: The President's Battles over Foreign Policy, U. Press of Kansas, ISBN 978-0-7006-1365-6, 253 pp.
• Hamilton, Nigel (2014), The Mantle of Command: FDR at War, 1941–1942, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 514 pp.
• Kaiser, David. No End Save Victory: How FDR Led the Nation into War (2014) ??????????? 046501982X
• Langer, William; Gleason, S Everett (1952), The Challenge to Isolation, 1937–1940, OCLC 1448535. The Undeclared War, 1940–1941 (1953) OCLC 404227. highly detailed and influential two-volume semi-official history
• Mayers, David. (2013) FDR's Ambassadors and the Diplomacy of Crisis: From the Rise of Hitler to the End of World War II.
• Larrabee, Eric (2004), Commander in Chief: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, His Lieutenants, and Their War, ISBN 978-0-06-039050-1.
• Reynolds, David (2006), From World War to Cold War: Churchill, Roosevelt, and the International History of the 1940s, ISBN 978-0-19-928411-5, 2025-08-04-?? ????????-?? ??????????????????, 2025-08-04-?? ???????? {{citation}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= ??? ????????? ????????????? (????)
• Reynolds, David, and Vladimir Pechatnov, eds. The Kremlin Letters: Stalin's Wartime Correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt (2019)
• Sherwood, Robert E (1949) [1950], Roosevelt and Hopkins: an Intimate History, Harper, hdl:2027/heb.00749 {{citation}}: Invalid |ref=harv (????), Pulitzer Prize.
• Weinberg, Gerhard L (1994), A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II, Cambridge University Press, hdl:2027/heb.00331, ISBN 978-0-521-44317-3. Overall history of the war; strong on diplomacy of FDR and other main leaders.

Criticism

• Barnes, Harry Elmer (1953), Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace: A Critical Examination of the Foreign Policy of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Its Aftermath, OCLC 457149. A revisionist blames FDR for inciting Japan to attack.
• Best, Gary Dean (1991), Pride, Prejudice, and Politics: Roosevelt Versus Recovery, 1933–1938, Praeger, ISBN 978-0-275-93524-5; summarizes newspaper editorials.
• ——— (2002), The Retreat from Liberalism: Collectivists versus Progressives in the New Deal Years, Praeger, ISBN 978-0-275-94656-2; criticizes intellectuals who supported FDR.
• Breitman, Richard; Lichtman, Allan J (2013), FDR and the Jews, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-05026-6, OCLC 812248674, 433 pp.
• Russett, Bruce M (1997), No Clear and Present Danger: A Skeptical View of the United States Entry into World War II (2nd ed.), says US should have let USSR and Germany destroy each other.
• Plaud, Joseph J (2005), Historical Perspectives on Franklin D. Roosevelt, American Foreign Policy, and the Holocaust, The FDR American Heritage Center Museum, January 12, 2014-?? ????????-?? ?????????????????? {{citation}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= ??? ????????? ????????????? (????).
• Powell, Jim (2003), FDR's Folly: How Roosevelt and His New Deal Prolonged the Great Depression, ISBN 978-0-7615-0165-7.
• Schivelbusch, Wolfgang (2006), Three New Deals: Reflections on Roosevelt's America, Mussolini's Italy, and Hitler's Germany, 1933–1939.
• Shlaes, Amity (2007), The Forgotten Man: A New History of the Great Depression (A critical evaluation of the effect of the New Deal's policies on the Depression)
• Smiley, Gene (1993), Rethinking the Great Depression (short essay) by libertarian economist who blames both Hoover and FDR.

FDR's rhetoric

• Buhite, Russell D; Levy, David W, eds. (1993), FDR's Fireside Chats.
• Craig, Douglas B (2005), Fireside Politics: Radio and Political Culture in the United States, 1920–1940.
• Crowell, Laura (1952), "Building the 'Four Freedoms' Speech", Communication Monographs, 22 (5): 266–83, doi:10.1080/03637755509375153.
• Houck, Davis W (2001), Rhetoric as Currency: Hoover, Roosevelt, and the Great Depression, Texas A&M University Press.
• ——— (2002), FDR and Fear Itself: The First Inaugural Address, Texas A&M University Press.
• Roosevelt, Franklin D. (2005), My Friends: Twenty Eight History Making Speeches, Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4179-9610-0
• ——— (1988), Franklin D. Roosevelt's Rhetorical Presidency, Greenwood Press.

Historiography

• Hendrickson, Jr., Kenneth E. "FDR Biographies," in William D. Pederson, ed. A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt (2011) pp 1–14 online
• Provizer, Norman W. "Eleanor Roosevelt Biographies," in William D. Pederson, ed. A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt (2011) pp 15–33 online

Primary sources

• Cantril, Hadley; Strunk, Mildred, eds. (1951), Public Opinion, 1935–1946, massive compilation of many public opinion polls from the US.
• Loewenheim, Francis L; Langley, Harold D, eds. (1975), Roosevelt and Churchill: Their Secret Wartime Correspondence {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |editorlink1= ignored (|editor-link1= suggested) (????).
• Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1945) [1938], Rosenman, Samuel Irving (ed.), The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt, vol. 13 volumes.
• ——— (1946), Zevin, BD (ed.), Nothing to Fear: The Selected Addresses of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1932–1945.
• ——— (2005) [1947], Taylor, Myron C (ed.), Wartime Correspondence Between President Roosevelt and Pope Pius XII (reprint), Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4191-6654-9.
• Roosevelt, Franklin. Franklin D. Roosevelt and foreign affairs (FDR Library, 1969) 14 vol online free to borrow; covers Jan 1933 to Aug 1939; 9 volumes are online
  • Nixon, Edgar B, ed. (1969), Franklin D Roosevelt and Foreign Affairs (3 vol), covers 1933–37. 2nd series 1937–39 available on microfiche and in a 14 vol print edition at some academic libraries.

????? ???????????

• White House biography
• Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum
• Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, Washington, DC
• Full text and audio of a number of Roosevelt's speeches – Miller Center of Public Affairs
• ???????? ????? ?????? collected news and commentary. ???????????February 17, 2018.
• Finding Aid to Franklin Delano Roosevelt Collection, 1914–1945 at the New York State Library, accessed May 18, 2016.
• Franklin Delano Roosevelt: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
• "Life Portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt", from C-SPAN's American Presidents: Life Portraits, October 11, 1999
• The Presidents: FDR – an American Experience documentary
• Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Selections from His Writings
• Works by Franklin D. Roosevelt at Project Gutenberg
• Works by ???????? ????? ?????? at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
• Works by or about ???????? ????? ?????? at Internet Archive
• ???????? C-SPAN ??